The network interface card address, called the hardware address, is protocolindependent and is usually assigned at the factory. Different networking devices and hardware types hub. Repeaters attempt to preserve signal integrity and extend the distance over which data can travel. The essential computer network components necessary for a simple computer network, usually called lan local area network, are to share resources on that network. Computer hardware is an integral part embedded in all modern day automobiles, microwave ovens, electrocardiograph machines, compact disc players, and other devices. Computer hardware and software questions and answers.
This technology was invented by bob metcalfe and d. A network is a set of devices often referred to as nodes connected by communication links. Besides physically connecting computer and communication devices, a network system serves the important function of establishing a cohesive architecture that allows a variety of equipment types to transfer. Fundamentals of computer networking and internetworking.
Computer hardware mcq questions and answers pdf download. For example, many home routers will often act as a combination router, switch, and firewall. A brief history of computer network technology visual. Of course, if there were no nodes also called workstations, there would be no network at all. The network adapter is an essential component in both wired and wireless computer networking. Data communication and computer network 1 a system of interconnected computers and computerized peripherals such as printers is called computer network. Chapter one introduction to computer computer a computer is an electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory that can accept data input, process the data according to specified rules, produce information output, and store the information for future use1. So when a host sends a data packet to a network hub, the hub copies the data packet to all of its ports connected to. Basic concepts in cobasic concepts in computer hardware and mputer hardware and softwaresoftware the need for computer literacythe need for compute r literacyr literacy information is power and computers are amplifiers of information when a pregnant woman collapsed into hepatic coma, a surgeon contacted a medical library.
This limits the number of times a wayward packet can be forwarded to the initial ttl value, typically 64. Multiple choice questions of computer networking 11 computer network is a. Computers may connect to each other by either wired or wireless media. Network hub is a networking device which is used to connect multiple network hosts. A node can be a computer, printer, or any other device capable of sending andor receiving data generated by other nodes on the network. These are seen from the front, and not the soldside. The basic definition of a computer network is that a computer network connects parts of a distributed architecture, whether those parts are made up. Numerous quantitative examples are provided to help you understand and interpret model results. Brazil learning technologies network both usaidfunded initiatives at the academy for educational development. Most modern network cards are 10100 nics and can operate at either 10mbps or 100mbps. Gateway connects networks with different protocols like tcpip network and ipxspx networks.
In chapter 1, foundation, learn how local and wide area networks wans are now built to connect more than computers. Specifically, they mediate data transmission in a computer network. Network cables are the transmission media to transfer data from one device to another. A basic knowledge of network topology, channel access protocol, network t. Protocol layering d needed because communication is complex d intended primarily for protocol designers.
In addition to this a candidate is entrusted to undertake project work and extra. The basic computer hardware components that are needed to set up a network are as follows. A brief history of computer network technology a computer network, or simply a network, is a collection of computers and other hardware components interconnected by communication channels that allow sharing of resources and information. This chapter provides an introduction to computer networking and hardware concepts and highlights the use of software and hardware tools as an aid to enhance teaching and learning computer networking and hardware fundamentals. A dsl or cable modem connects your computer to a highspeed dsl. No experiment 1 study of different types of network cables and practically implement the crosswired cable and straight through cable using clamping tool. Hardware is the physical components of a computer system e. Hardware without a set of programs to operate upon cannot be utilized and is useless. Data communication and computer network 8 let us go through various lan technologies in brief. Each computer on a network must have a network card. Aug 10, 2006 the first piece of hardware that i want to discuss is a network adapter. A computer internet course for older adults module 1 handouts. Sharing of equipment like printers, scanners, fax machines, copiers, storage drives, network connection and other resources is the key rationale of computer network. Before delving into the installation process, you should be familiar with each part so that you could choose and buy the right component that fits with your network system.
Chapter one introduction to computer computer a computer is an electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory that can accept data input, process the data according to specified rules, produce information output, and store the. Both of them must work together to make a computer produce a useful output. To get a particular job done on the computer, relevant software should be loaded into the hardware. It is a carefully designed system of different hardware components networking devices working in tandem with various rules and communication protocols. Network layer climbing up one level above data link layer is the network or internet layer. Coputer hard ware video for assembling and disassembling,what are the problem of compouter hardware with solution you will learn from pdf fill notes please try to watch this video carefully so it will help you for assembling and disassembling your computer hardware parts. Sep 18, 2014 network hardware additional network hardware devices network interface cards nics puts the data into packets and transmits packet onto the network. A computer network is a broad term for one of the biggest technological advances in computer science over the last 40 years. Nic is a hardware component used to connect a computer with another computer onto a network. The system unit contains the electronic components used to process and temporarily store data and instructions figure 3. This book can be used as a first year graduate course in computer, network, and software engineering. Hardware and software in this section of notes you will learn about the basic parts of a computer and how they work. It works in the physical and data link layer of the osi model.
Fig 1 gives an example of a network in a school comprising of a local area network or lan connecting computers with each other, the internet, and various servers. Computer hardware the computer hardware refers to the physical components of computer. Introduction to computer network adapters lifewire. Computer hardware is the collection of physical parts of a computer system. Network repeaters also called signal boosters and range extenders are small devices that receive incoming electrical, wireless, and optical signals and retransmit them to spots that ethernet and wifi data transmissions cant reach. Although setting up a home network isnt necessarily an expensive or difficult project, you will need a few basic pieces of hardware to connect your computers, printers, gaming consoles, and assorted gadgets and dohickeys to each other and to the internet. Software cannot be utilized without supporting hardware. Webopedia study guides offer quick facts to help students prepare for computer science. Units which are the last receiver or generate data are called hosts, end systems or data terminal equipment. These components include the central processing unit, primary memory, and the system board. Software the instructions that tell the computer and computer networks what to do. Hardware like motherboard, disk drives, daughter board lan card, sound card, vgi card, etc. All activity in the internet that involves two or more communicating remote entities is governed by a protocol.
Devices that allow you to hear sound from the computer. It also includes all the parts inside the computer case. Mar 31, 2020 network hardware isnt as clearly defined as some other types of computer hardware. The basic definition of a computer network is that a computer network connects parts of a distributed architecture, whether those parts are made up of hardware, or virtual or. From the network scenario in a household, to a medium scale network in a school or mall to a large, border. If you are sharing a dialup internet connection, select the establish a dialup connection whenever a computer on my network attempts to access the internet check box if you want to permit your computer to automatically connect to the internet. A network cards job is to physically attach a computer to a network, so that the computer can. There are many books on computers, networks, and software engineering but none that integrate the three with applications.
All of the above 12 what is a firewall in computer. The term computer hardware refers to the physical components of a computer, namely keyboard, monitor, mouse, and printer, including the digital circuitry. In deed it is a machine which can perform various tasks for us. All computer systems implement their protocols as part of the operating system. Stepbystep career guide found the following resources, articles, links, and information helpful. Ethernet ethernet is a widely deployed lan technology. Typically you will learn about the many different types of networks, networking concepts, network architecture, network communications and network design. There are many different names for network adapters, including network cards, network interface cards, nics.
Introduction to computer networking and hardware concepts. Network hardware additional network hardware devices network interface cards nics puts the data into packets and transmits packet onto the network. Everything you need to know about computer hardware. It connects the computer to the cabling, which in turn links all of the computers on the network together. Nics contain the electronic components that establish and control network communications. In addition to all the items listed above, theres more computer hardware called auxiliary hardware, of which a computer might have none, or several, of some kinds. These are all generic terms for the same piece of hardware. Computer networks, 5e is appropriate for computer networking or introduction to networking courses at both the undergraduate and graduate level in computer science, electrical engineering, cis, mis, and business departments.
Hardware, networking, software, and connectivity eric rusten heather e. A network protocol is similar to a human protocol, except that the entities exchanging messages and taking actions are hardware or software components of a computer network, components that we will study shortly in the following sections. Every workstation and server will contain at least one nic. The nic is the principal hardware device that differentiates. Integration is important because, increasingly, software dominates the performance, reliability, maintainability, and availability of complex computer and systems. Two basic network types are localarea networks lans and widearea networks wans. Mar, 2020 computer network, two or more computers that are connected with one another for the purpose of communicating data electronically. Download this computer networking pdf excerpt from computer networks, a book that addresses the key principles of computer networks.
The hardware book is freely distributable but is ed to joakim ogren. Networking fundamentals teaches computer science students the building blocks of modern network design. Personal area network pan a personal area network pan is a computer network used for communication among computer devices, including telephones and personal digital assistants, in proximity to an individuals body. Jul 31, 2015 the essential computer network components necessary for a simple computer network, usually called lan local area network, are to share resources on that network. Network interface cards network interface cards nics are the most common type of network hardware on a network. Adapters interface a computing device including computers, print servers, and game consoles to the communication network. The networks in a computer are built with a great combination of software and hardware. Computer networks pdf notes free download cn notes. Feb 22, 2010 network interface cards network interface cards nics are the most common type of network hardware on a network. Tanenbaum takes a structured approach to explaining how networks work from the inside out. The operating systems exports the network functionality as a network application programming interface api. It is a hardware part that allows the computer to be identified amongst others in a network and allows the computer to connect to a network. Computer, network, software, and hardware engineering with.
A nic pronounced nick is also known as a network card. Computer networks are built with a combination of hardware and software. Jan 07, 2017 computer networks seminar pdf report, ppt. Network interface cards is easily one of the most important components of a computer network. A computer network can be defined as a set of two or more computers having interconnection to the same resources, such as exchange files, printers, cds and other similar equipment.
Different networking devices and hardware types hub, switch. This layer conveys a packet across different networks to any addressable destination. Units which are the last receiver or generate data are called hosts or data. Networking hardware, also known as network equipment or computer networking devices, are electronic devices which are required for communication and interaction between devices on a computer network. Computer hardware computer hardware and networking. People searching for be a computer network engineer. This address is technically called the media access control address mac because it is found on the mac sub layer of the data link layer. Nodes workstations the term nodes refers to the computers that are attached to a network and are seeking to share the resources of the network. Nov 18, 2019 computer networking is the practice of interfacing two or more computing devices with each other for the purpose of sharing data. A computer becomes a workstation of a network as soon as it is attached. A commonly used network cable is category 5 cable with rj 45 connector, as shown in the image below. This includes the computer case, monitor, keyboard, and mouse.
A computer network is not made up of one machine or even one type of machine. The data is transferred in terms of packets on a computer network. Computer network, two or more computers that are connected with one another for the purpose of communicating data electronically. The devices may or may not belong to the person in question.